Metadata4Ing
type: Ontology
version IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing/1.0.0
abstract: The ontology Metadata4Ing is developed within the NFDI Consortium NFDI4Ing with the aim of providing a thorough framework for the semantic description of research data, with a particular focus on engineering sciences and neighbouring disciplines. This ontology allows a thorough description of the whole data generation process (experiment, observation, simulation), embracing the object of investigation, all sample and data manipulation procedures, a summary of the data files and the information contained, and all personal and institutional roles. The subordinate classes and relations can be built according to the two principles of _inheritance_ and _modularity_. _Inheritance_ means that a subclass inherits all properties of its superordinate class, possibly adding some new ones. _Modularity_ means that all expansions are independent of each other; this makes possible for instance to generate expanded ontologies for any possible combinations of method × object of research.
contributor: Ashish Karmacharya (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2822-7648), Technische Universität Darmstadt (https://ror.org/05n911h24, https://isni.org/isni/0000000109401669)
contributor: Benjamin Farnbacher (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1489-6501), Technische Universität München (TUM) (https://ror.org/02kkvpp62, https://isni.org/isni/0000000123222966)
contributor: Cord Wiljes (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2528-5391), Universität Bielefeld (https://ror.org/02hpadn98, https://isni.org/isni/0000000109449128)
contributor: Dorothea Iglezakis (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8524-0569), Universität Stuttgart (https://ror.org/04vnq7t77, https://isni.org/isni/0000000419369713)
contributor: Džulia Terzijska (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1698-6826), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) (https://ror.org/04t3en479, https://isni.org/isni/0000000100755874)
contributor: Giacomo Lanza (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2239-3955), Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) (https://ror.org/05r3f7h03, https://isni.org/isni/0000000121861887)
contributor: Johanna Hickmann (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7535-8344), Technische Universität Berlin (https://ror.org/03v4gjf40, https://isni.org/isni/0000000122928254)
contributor: Johannes Munke (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5031-9170), Leibniz Supercomputing Centre (LRZ) (https://ror.org/05558nw16, https://isni.org/isni/0000000123369749)
contributor: Johannes Theissen-Lipp (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2639-1949), RWTH Aachen University (https://ror.org/04xfq0f34, https://isni.org/isni/0000000121811804)
contributor: Jürgen Windeck (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1909-4353), Technische Universität Darmstadt (https://ror.org/05n911h24, https://isni.org/isni/0000000109401669)
contributor: Martin Thomas Horsch (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9464-6739), UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) (https://ror.org/001aqnf71, https://isni.org/isni/0000000494535400)
contributor: Nils Hoppe (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0580-9717), Technische Universität München (TUM) (https://ror.org/02kkvpp62, https://isni.org/isni/0000000123222966)
contributor: Sophia Leimer (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6272-204X), Universität Duisburg-Essen (https://ror.org/04mz5ra38, https://isni.org/isni/0000000121875445)
contributor: Stephan Hachinger (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8341-1478), Leibniz Supercomputing Centre (LRZ) (https://ror.org/05558nw16, https://isni.org/isni/0000000123369749)
contributor: Susanne Arndt (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1019-9151), Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) (https://ror.org/04aj4c181, https://isni.org/isni/0000000121746694)
created: 2022-02-22
creator: Metadata4Ing Workgroup
issued: 2022-02-22
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
modified: 2022-02-22
publisher: NFDI4Ing (https://www.nfdi4ing.de/)
references: zenodo.3816686
rights: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title: Metadata4Ing: An ontology for describing the generation of research data within a scientific activity.
doi: zenodo.5957104
status: active
preferred namespace prefix: m4i
comment: Metadata4Ing defines classes and properties or reuses such classes and properties from other ontologies to describe research processes and research data management in NFDI4Ing. New concepts and properties are located in the namespace of Metadata4Ing. Metadata4Ing does not import complete ontologies for the sake of relevance, readability, understandability and usability by and for engineers. Instead, it tries to make re-use of existing identifiers for classes and properties by re-using all or a relevant subset of the axioms from the original ontology. These statements have been extracted in different ways, e.g. by using Protégé tools importing an ontology and copying axioms of relevant items to Metadata4Ing or by download from data services or raw files of ontologies and manual copypasting. In some cases there was a need to extend or modify the original set of statements about an entity, e.g. because labels and definitions were expressed with a different owl:AnnotationProperty than the rest of Metadata4Ing, or because a skos:preflabel or a skos:definition in any of the languages we would like to support was missing. Any editorial changes on elements from external ontologies are declared in Metadata4Ing by an annotation with skos:editorialNote at item-level. To get the original set of statements we encourage to visit the original namespace of the respective item. Metadata4Ing reuses elements from the following ontologies: - BIBO = Bibliographic Ontology - BIRO = Bibliographic Reference Ontology - DCAT = Data Catalog - DCTERMS = Dublin Core Terms - FOAF = Friend of a Friend - OWL = Web Ontology Language - PROV = Provenance Namespace - QUDT = Quantities, Units, Dimensions and Types - RDF = Resource Description Framework - RDFS = RDF Schema - SCHEMA = schema.org - SKOS = Simple Knowledge Organization System - SSN = Semantic Sensor Network Ontology - VANN = Vocabulary for Annotating vocabulary descriptions - XSD = XML Schema Definition - EMMO = European Materials and Mode…
version info: v1.0.0
citation: Metadata4Ing Workgroup (2022). Metadata4Ing: An ontology for describing the generation of research data within a scientific activity.

description
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: An account of the resource.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: Beschreibung @de

is referenced by
type: AnnotationProperty
description: This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. This property is an inverse property of References.
comment: A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: ist referenziert von @de

references
type: AnnotationProperty
description: This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. This property is an inverse property of Is Referenced By.
comment: A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: referenziert @de

title
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A name given to the resource.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: Titel @de

affiliation
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: An organization that this person is affiliated with. For example, a school/university, a club, or a team.
comment: Eine Organisation, der eine Person angehört @de
editorial note: changed by m4i: added German definition, added language tag to English definition
editorial note: changed by m4i: added application example
editorial note: changed by m4i: use of skos:prefLabel instead of rdfs:label, added German label, added language tag to English label
example: :Person schema:affiliation :Organization .
preferred label: Organisationszugehörigkeit @de

funder
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: A person or organization that supports (sponsors) something through some kind of financial contribution.
comment: Eine Person oder Organisation, die etwas finanziell unterstützt @de
editorial note: changed by m4i: added German definition, added language tag to English definition
editorial note: changed by m4i: added application example
editorial note: changed by m4i: use of skos:prefLabel instead of rdfs:label, added German label, added language tag to English label
example: :Project schema:funder :DFG
preferred label: Förderer @de

DateTime
type: Datatype
definition: A combination of date and time of day in the form [-]CCYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss[Z|(+|-)hh:mm] (see Chapter 5.4 of ISO 8601)
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german label
preferred label: Datum mit Zeit @de

part of
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: has part
type: TransitiveProperty
definition: a core relation that holds between a part and its whole
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
editorial note: changed by m4i: copied obo:IAO_0000115 to a skos:definition
preferred label: Teil von @de

has part
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
definition: a core relation that holds between a whole and its part
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
editorial note: changed by m4i: copied obo:IAO_0000115 to a skos:definition
preferred label: hat Teil @de

realized in
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: realizes
domain: realizable entity
range: process
comment: Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a realizable entity and a process, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: realisiert in @de

realizes
type: ObjectProperty
domain: process
range: realizable entity
comment: Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a process and a realizable entity, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: realisiert @de

precedes
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: process
range: process
definition: x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
preferred label: ist Voraussetzung für Schritt @de

participates in
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: has participant
definition: a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
editorial note: changed by m4i: copied obo:IAO_0000115 to a skos:definition
preferred label: ist beteiligt an @de

has participant
type: ObjectProperty
property chain axiom: qualified association
property chain axiom: agent
definition: a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
editorial note: changed by m4i: added a property chain axiom for use with prov:qualifiedAssociation
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
editorial note: changed by m4i: copied obo:IAO_0000115 to a skos:definition
preferred label: hat Teilnehmer @de

immediately precedes
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: precedes
domain: process
range: process
definition: X immediately precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: ist unmittelbare Voraussetzung für Schritt @de

starts with
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has part
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: processing step
range: processing step
alternative label: started by
definition: x starts with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: α(y) = α(x) ∧ ω(y) < ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: beginnt mit @de

ends with
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has part
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: processing step
range: processing step
alternative label: finished by
definition: x ends with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: α(y) > α(x) ∧ ω(y) = ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: endet mit @de

has input
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has participant
inverse of: input of
definition: (x has input y) means x takes specific input as y for further processes
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: hat Input @de

has output
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has participant
inverse of: output of
definition: (x has output y) means x provides specific output y for the result or further processes
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: hat Output @de

input of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: participates in
definition: (x input of y) means x is a specific input of y to carry out further processes
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: Input von @de

output of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: participates in
definition: (x output of y) means x is the specific output of y as the result or further processes
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: Output von @de

hasAdmissibleUnit
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is admissible unit for
domain: Variable
definition: (x hasAdmissibleUnit y) means that y is a unit that can be associated with the variable x
preferred label: hat als zulässige Einheit @de

hasAdmissibleValue
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is admissible value for
domain: Variable
range: Value
definition: (x hasAdmissibleValue y) means that y is a value that can be assigned to the variable x
preferred label: hat als zulässigen Wert @de

has assigned value
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is value in assignment
domain: Assignment
range: Value
definition: (a hasAssignedValue y) means that a: x = y is an assignment where the value y is assigned to a variable x
preferred label: hat zugewiesenen Wert @de

has coverage interval
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has uncertainty declaration
domain: Real
range: coverage interval
definition: Associates an si:Real quantity value with an si:CoverageInterval
preferred label: hat Überdeckungsintervall @de

has employed tool
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: uses instrument
inverse of: is employed tool
domain: processing step
range: Tool
definition: Points to a tool that is used within a given processing step
definition: verweist auf ein Werkzeug, das in einem Arbeitsschritt verwendet wurde @de
preferred label: hat eingesetztes Werkzeug @de

has expanded uncertainty
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has uncertainty declaration
domain: Real
range: expanded uncertainty
definition: Relates an si:Real to its expanded uncertainty
preferred label: hat erweiterte Unsicherheit @de

has kind of quantity
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Variable
range: kind of quantity
definition: Points to the property characterization (i.e., to the kind of quantity) from a controlled vocabulary
note: we recommend using a persistent identifier resolving to a persistent URL
preferred label: hat Größenart @de

has parameter
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Class
  union of: method
  union of: Tool
range: Variable
definition: Points to a parameter of a given method or tool.
preferred label: hat Parameter @de

has runtime assignment
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has participant
sub property of:
  inverse of: is assignment for
domain: processing step
range: Assignment
definition: Points to an assignment that is neither input nor output
preferred label: hat Laufzeitzuweisung @de

has uncertainty declaration
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Real
range: uncertainty declaration
definition: Associates an si:Real quantity value with its mandatory uncertainty declaration (i.e., with an expanded uncertainty or a coverage interval)
preferred label: hat Unsicherheitsdeklaration @de

has unit
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Real
definition: Represents the unit of a numerical (real) value
definition: Repräsentiert die Einheit eines numerischen (reelen) Wertes @de
note: Kardinalität dieser Property bei der Beschreibung eines si:Real: 0-1 @de
note: Obligation dieser Property bei der Beschreibung eines si:Real: recommended @de
note: We recommend using a resolvable PID from a controlled vocabulary, such as ISO 80000, IEC or QUDT
note: cardinality of this property for the description of a si:Real: 0-1
note: obligation of this property for the description of a si:Real: recommended
preferred label: hat Einheit @de

has variable
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is variable in assignment
domain: Assignment
range: Variable
definition: ( a hasVariable x ) bedeutet, dass a: x = y eine Variablenzuordnung ist, in der der Variablen x ein Wert zugeordnet wird. @de
definition: ( a hasVariable x ) means that a: x = y is an assignment where the value y is assigned to a variable x
preferred label: hat Variable @de

implemented by
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: implemented by
inverse of: implements
domain: method
range: Tool
definition: Points to a tool that implements a given method
preferred label: wird implementiert durch @de

implements
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: implements
domain: Tool
range: method
definition: Points to a method that is implemented by a given tool
preferred label: implementiert @de

associated to project
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: project participant
domain: Class
  union of: Organization
  union of: Person
range: Project
definition: A property that connects a person or an organization with a project.
preferred label: gehört zu Projekt @de

investigates
type: ObjectProperty
domain: processing step
range: Thing
definition: (x investigates y) means that x is about y, in the context of scientific research and development
preferred label: untersucht @de

investigates property
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: investigates
range: Property
broader: hasRepresentamen
definition: (x investigatesProperty y) means that x is about target property y, in the context of scientific research and development
preferred label: untersucht Eigenschaft @de

is employed tool
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Tool
range: processing step
definition: Points to a processing step the tool has been used in
definition: verweist auf einen Arbeitsschritt, in dem das Werkzeug eingesetzt wurde @de
preferred label: ist eingesetztes Werkzeug @de

project participant
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Project
range: Class
  union of: Organization
  union of: Person
definition: A property that connects a project with a person or an organisation.
preferred label: hat Projektmitglied @de

realizes method
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: realizes
domain: processing step
range: method
definition: Points to a method that is used within a given processing step
preferred label: realisiert Methode @de

is admissible unit for
type: ObjectProperty
range: Variable
definition: (x isAdmissibleUnitFor y) means that x is a unit that can be associated with the variable y; subsumption under msHPIPIR is explained as follows: There is a sign z for the variable y (where z is a description of admissible values of y) of which x is constitutive (and with which x hence overlaps)
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
preferred label: ist zulässige Einheit für @de

is admissible value for
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Value
range: Variable
definition: (x isAdmissibleValueFor y) means that x is a value that can be assigned to the variable y; subsumption under msIPIRIR is explained as follows: There is a sign z for the variable y (where z is the range of admissible values of y), for which in turn there is another sign z' (where z' lists members of z, explicitly including x) of which x is a part
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
preferred label: ist zulässiger Wert für @de

is assignment for
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Assignment
broader: isRepresentamenFor
definition: (o isAssignment for d) means that d: x = y is an assignment that refers to o; e.g., x may be temperature, y may be a temperature value, and o may be an object of which the temperature has been measured or some other context to which the assignment refers
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
preferred label: ist Zuweisung in Bezug auf @de

is value in assignment
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Value
range: Assignment
broader: isSemioticallyConstitutiveOf
definition: (y isValueInAssignment a) means that a: x = y is an assignment where the value y is assigned to a variable x
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
preferred label: ist Wert in Zuweisung @de

is variable in assignment
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Variable
range: Assignment
broader: isSemioticallyConstitutiveOf
definition: (x isVariableInAssignment a) means that a: x = y is an assignment where a value y is assigned to the variable x
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
preferred label: ist Variable in Zuweisung @de

compression format
type: ObjectProperty
domain: distribution
definition: The compression format of the distribution in which the data is contained in a compressed form, e.g. to reduce the size of the downloadable file.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
preferred label: Kompressionsformat @de
scope note: This property is to be used when the files in the distribution are compressed, e.g. in a ZIP file. The format SHOULD be expressed using a media type as defined by IANA media types registry https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/, if available.

has distribution
type: ObjectProperty
domain: dataset
definition: An available distribution of the dataset.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
preferred label: hat Verteilung @de

download URL
type: ObjectProperty
domain: distribution
definition: The URL of the downloadable file in a given format. E.g. CSV file or RDF file. The format is indicated by the distribution's dcterms:format and/or dcat:mediaType.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
preferred label: Downloadlink @de
scope note: dcat:downloadURL SHOULD be used for the address at which this distribution is available directly, typically through a HTTP Get request.

in series
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: part of
domain: dataset
range: dataset series
comment: Normally, child datasets in dataset series are represented as dcat:Dataset. The use of dcat:Distribution for typing child datasets is however recognized as a possible alternative, whenever it addresses more effectively the requirements of a given application scenario.
definition: A dataset series of which the dataset is part.
editorial note: changed by m4i: changed subproperty relation from DCTerms to OBO_000050 added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, extracted from DCAT3-Documentation https://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dcat-3/#Class:Dataset_Series
preferred label: in Serie @de

media type
type: ObjectProperty
domain: distribution
definition: The media type of the distribution as defined by IANA.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
preferred label: Medientyp @de
scope note: This property SHOULD be used when the media type of the distribution is defined in the IANA media types registry https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/, otherwise dcterms:format MAY be used with different values.

packaging format
type: ObjectProperty
domain: distribution
definition: The package format of the distribution in which one or more data files are grouped together, e.g. to enable a set of related files to be downloaded together.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
preferred label: Packformat @de
scope note: This property to be used when the files in the distribution are packaged, e.g. in a TAR file, a Frictionless Data Package or a Bagit file. The format SHOULD be expressed using a media type as defined by IANA media types registry https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/, if available.

agent
type: ObjectProperty
range: Agent
label: Agent @de
definition: The prov:agent property is used to reference an agent that had a role in an activity.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german label
editorial note: changed by m4i: set foaf:Agent in range of this property
editorial note: changed by m4i: simplified definition

had role
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: wasRoleIn
domain: Association
label: hatte Rolle @de
definition: prov:hadRole references the Role (i.e. the function of an entity with respect to an activity)
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german label
editorial note: changed by m4i: simplified definition
editorial note: changed by m4i: simplified rdfs:domain to prov:Association

qualified association
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Activity
range: Association
definition: Allows to specify more information (e.g. a role) about an association between an agent (e.g. a person) and an Activity (e.g. a processing step).
definition: Ermöglicht die Angabe weiterer Informationen (z.B. einer Rolle) zu einer Verknüpfung zwischen einem Agenten (z.B. einer Person) und einer Aktivität (z.B. einem Prozessschritt). @de
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german label, added skos:prefLabel, added skos:definition, skos:example and skos:note
example: Example application in m4i: :SomeProcess a m4i:ProcessingStep; obo:RO_0000057 :SomePerson; prov:qualifiedAssociation [ a prov:Association; prov:agent :SomePerson; prov:hadRole :SomeRole; rdfs:comment ":SomePerson had the :SomeRole in this :SomeProcess"@en ]. The direct relation between an activity and an agent expressed with 'has participant' (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057) does not give details about the agent's role in that activity. Using the property prov:qualifiedAssociation one can point to a blank node (cf. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Blank_node&oldid=1015446558) containing additional information about the participation relation.
note: In metadata4ing use obo:RO_0000057 as unqualified form for the relation between an activity and an agent.
preferred label: näher beschriebene Verbindung @de

wasRoleIn
type: ObjectProperty
label: war Rolle in @de
definition: prov:wasRoleIn references the association (e.g. between an agent and an activity) in which a role shall be defined. Inverse property of prov:hadRole.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german label, added skos:definition

has property
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is property of
definition: Relation between an entity and a Property of that entity.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels
preferred label: hat Eigenschaft @de

implemented by
type: ObjectProperty
preferred label: wird implementiert durch @de

implements
type: ObjectProperty
preferred label: implementiert @de

is property of
type: ObjectProperty
definition: Relation between a Property and the entity it belongs to.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels
preferred label: ist Eigenschaft von @de

personal mailbox
type: ObjectProperty
type: InverseFunctionalProperty
domain: Agent
range: Thing
comment: A personal mailbox, ie. an Internet mailbox associated with exactly one owner, the first owner of this mailbox. This is a 'static inverse functional property', in that there is (across time and change) at most one individual that ever has any particular value for foaf:mbox.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: E-Mail-Adresse @de

member
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has part
domain: Group
range: Agent
comment: Indicates a member of a Group
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel, defined as subproperty of obo:BFO_0000051
preferred label: Mitglied @de

uses instrument
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has participant
domain: Activity
definition: points to an object that helped the agent perform the action (e.g., John wrote a book with a pen)
editorial note: changed by m4i: added different skos:prefLabel, added german label
editorial note: changed by m4i: domain changed to prov:Activity from schema:Action
preferred label: nutzt Instrument @de

usage instruction
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: processing step
range: string
definition: Textual description of a processing step within a research process to enable or facilitate its reproducibility
definition: Textuelle Beschreibung eines Verarbeitungsschritts innerhalb eines Forschungsprozesses, um dessen Reproduzierbarkeit zu erleichtern oder zu ermöglichen @de
preferred label: Verwendungshinweis @de

project end date
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Project
range: date
definition: Projektenddatum @de
definition: end date of a project
preferred label: Projektenddatum @de

has assignment timestamp
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: has timestamp
domain: Assignment
range: DateTime
definition: Points to a timestamp associated with an assignment; there are multiple kinds of timestamp datatype properties, which are included here from schema.org
preferred label: hat Zuweisungszeitstempel @de

has date assignment created
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: has assignment timestamp
domain: Assignment
range: DateTime
broader: dateCreated
definition: Points to a date(time) of creation of an assignment
preferred label: hat Datumszuweisung erzeugt @de

has date assignment deleted
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: has assignment timestamp
domain: Assignment
range: DateTime
broader: dateDeleted
definition: Points to a date(time) of deletion of an assignment
preferred label: hat Datumszuweisung gelöscht @de

has date assignment modified
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: has assignment timestamp
domain: Assignment
range: DateTime
broader: dateModified
definition: Points to a date(time) of modification of an assignment
preferred label: hat Datumszuweisung bearbeitet @de

has date assignment valid from
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: has assignment timestamp
domain: Assignment
range: DateTime
broader: validFrom
definition: Points to a date(time) at which the validity of an assignment begins
preferred label: hat Datumszuweisung gültig ab @de

has date assignment valid until
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: has assignment timestamp
domain: Assignment
range: DateTime
broader: validThrough
definition: Points to a date(time) at which the validity of an assignment ends
preferred label: hat Datumszuweisung gültig bis @de

has numerical value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Real
range: decimal
broader: value
broader: isLiterally
broader: hasValue
definition: Represents the numerical value of a real
preferred label: hat Zahlenwert @de

has ROR ID
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: has identifier
domain: Organization
range: Datatype
  on datatype: string
  with restrictions:
    pattern: https://ror.org/[0-9][0-9][a-z0-9][a-z0-9][a-z0-9][a-z0-9][a-z0-9][0-9][0-9]
alternative label: has research organization registry id
alternative label: hat Forschungsorganisationsid @de
definition: A Research Organization Registry identifier, that points to a research organization
definition: Eine Identifier für Organisationen der Research Organization Registry, die eine Forschungseinrichtung eindeutig identifiziert. @de
preferred label: hat ROR ID @de

has symbol
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Variable
range: string
broader: symbol
definition: Buchstabe oder Zeichenkette, die eine Variable repräsentiert @de
definition: Letter or string that denotes a variable
preferred label: hat Symbol @de

has variable description
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Variable
range: string
definition: Textual and human readable description of a variable in a research context
definition: Textuelle und menschenlesbare Beschreibung einer Variablen im Forschungskontext @de
preferred label: hat Variablenbeschreibung @de

has identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Thing
range: string
alternative label: besitzt eindeutigen Identifikator @de
alternative label: has unique identifier
alternative label: is represented through identifier
alternative label: wird durch Identifikator repräsentiert @de
definition: A systematically built alphanumeric string that identifies a unique object (e.g. a person, a publication, an organisation, a research activity, a sample, etc.) or a unique class of objects.
preferred label: hat Identifikator @de

has ORCID ID
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: has identifier
domain: Person
range: string
preferred label: hat ORCID ID @de

has project ID
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: has identifier
domain: Project
range: string
definition: An alphanumeric identifier for a project.
definition: Eine alphanumerische ID zur Referenzierung eines Projekts. @de
preferred label: hat Projekt-ID @de

project start date
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Project
range: date
definition: Startdatum eines Projekts @de
definition: start date of a project
preferred label: Projektstartdatum @de

file size (in bytes)
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: distribution
definition: The size of a distribution in bytes.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
preferred label: Dateigröße (in Byte) @de
scope note: The size in bytes can be approximated when the precise size is not known. The literal value of dcat:byteSize should by typed as xsd:decimal.

spatial resolution (in metres)
type: DatatypeProperty
range: decimal
definition: Minimum spatial separation resolvable in a dataset, measured in metres.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition, adjusted spelling conform to SI
preferred label: räumliche Auflösung (in Metern) @de
scope note: Alternative spatial resolutions might be provided as different dataset distributions.
scope note: If the dataset is an image or grid this should correspond to the spacing of items. For other kinds of spatial dataset, this property will usually indicate the smallest distance between items in the dataset.

temporal resolution
type: DatatypeProperty
range: duration
definition: Minimum time period resolvable in a dataset.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
preferred label: zeitliche Auflösung @de
scope note: Alternative temporal resolutions might be provided as different dataset distributions.
scope note: If the dataset is a time-series this should correspond to the spacing of items in the series. For other kinds of dataset, this property will usually indicate the smallest time difference between items in the dataset.

first name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Person
range: Literal
comment: The first name of a person.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: Vorname @de

last name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Person
range: Literal
comment: The last name of a person.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: Nachname @de

title
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Person
range: Literal
comment: Title (Mr, Mrs, Ms, Dr. etc)
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel, defined rdfs:domain and rdfs:range
preferred label: Titel @de

has coverage factor
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: expanded uncertainty
range: Datatype
  on datatype: decimal
  with restrictions:
    min inclusive: 1.0
definition: points to the coverage factor, i.e., to a factor (greater than or equal to unity) by which the expanded uncertainty relates to the standard uncertainty
editorial note: changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: hat Überdeckungsfaktor @de

has coverage probability
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: uncertainty declaration
range: Datatype
  on datatype: decimal
  with restrictions:
    min inclusive: 0.0
  with restrictions:
    max inclusive: 1.0
definition: points to the probability (between 0 and 1) ascribed to the event of the actual value falling within the range asserted by the given uncertainty declaration
editorial note: changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: hat Deckungswahrscheinlichkeit @de

has distribution
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: uncertainty declaration
range: string
definition: points to a descriptor/label of the assumed underlying distribution
editorial note: changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: hat Verteilung @de

has interval maximum
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: coverage interval
range: decimal
definition: upper boundary of the coverage interval
editorial note: changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: hat Intervallmaximum @de

has interval minimum
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: coverage interval
range: decimal
definition: lower boundary of the coverage interval
editorial note: changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: hat Intervallminimum @de

has standard uncertainty
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: coverage interval
range: Datatype
  on datatype: decimal
  with restrictions:
    min inclusive: 0.0
definition: The standard measurement uncertainty is the measurement uncertainty expressed as a standard deviation
editorial note: changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: hat Standardunsicherheit @de

has uncertainty
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: expanded uncertainty
range: Datatype
  on datatype: decimal
  with restrictions:
    min inclusive: 0.0
definition: absolute magnitude of the indicated uncertainty
editorial note: changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: hat Unsicherheit @de

end time
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: processing step
range: DateTime
comment: The endTime of something. For a reserved event or service (e.g. FoodEstablishmentReservation), the time that it is expected to end. For actions that span a period of time, when the action was performed. e.g. John wrote a book from January to December. For media, including audio and video, it's the time offset of the end of a clip within a larger file. Note that Event uses startDate/endDate instead of startTime/endTime, even when describing dates with times. This situation may be clarified in future revisions.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german label
preferred label: Endzeit @de

start time
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: processing step
range: DateTime
comment: The startTime of something. For a reserved event or service (e.g. FoodEstablishmentReservation), the time that it is expected to start. For actions that span a period of time, when the action was performed. e.g. John wrote a book from January to December. For media, including audio and video, it's the time offset of the start of a clip within a larger file. Note that Event uses startDate/endDate instead of startTime/endTime, even when describing dates with times. This situation may be clarified in future revisions.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german label
preferred label: Startzeit @de

has timestamp
type: DatatypeProperty
range: DateTime
definition: The 'temporal' property can be used in cases where more specific properties (e.g., dateCreated, dateModified, datePublished) are not known to be appropriate
editorial note: changed by m4i: added different skos:prefLabel, added german label
preferred label: hat Zeitstempel @de

measurement unit
type: Class
subclass of: Intangible
definition: MeasurementUnit, i.e., a Mathematical ReferenceUnit that stands for the standard reference magnitude of a specific class of measurement processes, defined and adopted by convention or by law
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: Messeinheit @de

process
type: Class
definition: Process, i.e., a physical entity with a temporal evolution that 'has a meaning for the ontologist'
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: Prozess @de

realizable entity
type: Class
definition: To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: realisierbare Entität @de

bibliographic record
type: Class
comment: A record that uniquely describes a particular textual or data publication (or a work in preparation for publication). Each bibliographic record is a set of entities describing aspects of the referenced work, including, for example, but not restricted to: authors, title, journal, publication year, DOI, ISSN, publisher and copyright information, or, in the case of a data publication: creators, title, version, archive, publication year, DOI or other identifier). The FRBR expression of a bibliographic record is a bibliographic reference, which usually contains only a sub-set of these entities, ordered in a particular way that corresponds to the house style of the publication in which it occurs.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: bibliografischer Eintrag @de

kind of quantity
type: Class
subclass of: Intangible
definition: Kind of quantity, i.e., a physical/chemical quantity from a controlled vocabulary, such as QUDT, IEC, or EMMO
narrower: QuantityKind
note: we recommend using a persistent identifier resolving to a persistent URL
preferred label: Größenart @de

method
type: Class
subclass of: realizable entity
definition: Abstract description of a method for analysis, generation and transformation of data and material objects like, e.g., 'Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy' or 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation'. Note that while values for relevant parameters should be provided, m4i:Method does not refer to the actual execution of the process that is described (use m4i:ProcessingStep for that), but rather a description of the underlying principle.
preferred label: Methode @de

numerical assignment
type: Class
subclass of: Assignment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property:
    inverse of: is value in assignment
  some values from: Real
subclass of: Restriction
  on property:
    inverse of: is variable in assignment
  min cardinality: 1
definition: Assignment by which a variable (e.g., a physical property) is assigned an si:Real quantity value (scalar x measurement unit) in some context (e.g., applied to some object of research)
preferred label: numerische Zuweisung @de

processing step
type: Class
subclass of: Activity
definition: Specific action undertaken during research
preferred label: Arbeitsschritt @de

Tool
type: Class
definition: Object that helps an agent perform an action (e.g., John wrote a book with a pen), i.e., an object of the relation schema:instrument or m4i:hasTool
preferred label: Werkzeug @de

uncertainty declaration
type: Class
subclass of: Intangible
definition: Declaration that can be applied to an si:Real quantity value to give an assessment of uncertainty
preferred label: Unsicherheitsdeklaration @de

Assignment
type: Class
subclass of: Intangible
subclass of: Restriction
  on property:
    inverse of: is value in assignment
  some values from: Value
subclass of: Restriction
  on property:
    inverse of: is variable in assignment
  some values from: Variable
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is assignment for
  min cardinality: 1
comment: Assignment, i.e., a data item by which a value is assigned to a variable with respect to a particular referent (e.g., T = 200 K for substance o as it was measured in a particular cognitive step); therein, T is the variable, related to the assignment by m4i:hasVariable, 200 K is the value, related to the assignment by m4i:hasValue, and o is the referent, related to the assignment by isAssignmentFor
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels
preferred label: Zuweisung @de

Property
type: Class
subclass of: Variable
broader: BFO_0000020
definition: Property, i.e., a variable that can be considered (as an investigated property, i.e., target property) within a processing step
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels
preferred label: Eigenschaft @de

Quantity value
type: Class
subclass of: Value
definition: Quantity value, i.e., a value that has a numerical magnitude and a physical unit
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
preferred label: Größenwert @de

Value
type: Class
subclass of: Intangible
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is admissible value for
  min cardinality: 1
definition: Value, i.e., an articulation that is by social convention understood to be potentially assignable to a variable
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels
preferred label: Wert @de

Variable
type: Class
equivalent class: Restriction
  on property:
    inverse of: is admissible value for
  some values from: Value
subclass of: Intangible
definition: Variable, i.e., a conventional that is employed for something to which values can be assigned (this may include different notations for the same variable including, e.g., computational representations); this is to be understood very generally, e.g., a variable may be an array or set of elements or have another kind of internal structure
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels

dataset
type: Class
comment: A collection of data, published or curated by a single source, and available for access or download in one or more representations.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
preferred label: Datensatz @de
scope note: The notion of dataset in DCAT is broad and inclusive, with the intention of accommodating resource types arising from all communities. Data comes in many forms including numbers, text, pixels, imagery, sound and other multi-media, and potentially other types, any of which might be collected into a dataset.
scope note: This class describes the conceptual dataset. One or more representations might be available, with differing schematic layouts and formats or serializations.

dataset series
type: Class
subclass of: dataset
definition: A collection of datasets that are published separately, but share some common characteristics that groups them.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, extracted from DCAT3-Documentation https://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dcat-3/#Class:Dataset_Series
preferred label: Datensatzserie @de

distribution
type: Class
definition: A specific representation of a dataset. A dataset might be available in multiple serializations that may differ in various ways, including natural language, media-type or format, schematic organization, temporal and spatial resolution, level of detail or profiles (which might specify any or all of the above).
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
preferred label: Verteilung @de

Activity
type: Class
subclass of: process
definition: An activity is something that occurs over a period of time and acts upon or with entities; it may include consuming, processing, transforming, modifying, relocating, using, or generating entities.
definition: Eine Aktivität ist etwas, das über einen Zeitraum und mit oder an Entitäten erfolgt; dazu kann das Verbrauchen, Verarbeiten, Transformieren, Modifizieren, Relokalisieren, Verwenden, oder die Genese von Entitäten gehören. @de
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german label
preferred label: Aktivität @de

Association
type: Class
comment: An instance of prov:Association provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasAssociatedWith relation from an prov:Activity to some prov:Agent that had some responsiblity for it. For example, :baking prov:wasAssociatedWith :baker; prov:qualifiedssociation [ a prov:Association; prov:agent :baker; :foo :bar ].
preferred label: Verknüpfung @de

Role
type: Class
definition: A role is the function of an entity or agent with respect to an activity, in the context of a usage, generation, invalidation, association, start, and end.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel, added skos:definition, added german definition, added instances
preferred label: Rolle des Akteurs @de

Agent
type: Class
comment: An agent (eg. person, group, software or physical artifact).
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: Akteur @de

Group
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
comment: A class of Agents.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: Gruppe @de

Organization
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
disjoint with: Person
comment: An organization.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: Organisation @de

Person
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
comment: A person.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel

coverage interval
type: Class
subclass of: uncertainty declaration
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has coverage probability
  cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has interval maximum
  cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has interval minimum
  cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has standard uncertainty
  cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has distribution
  max cardinality: 1
definition: Structure for stating a probabilistic-symmetric coverage interval for a real uncertainty, to be applied to an si:Real quantity value
editorial note: changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: Überdeckungsintervall @de

expanded uncertainty
type: Class
subclass of: uncertainty declaration
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has coverage factor
  cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has coverage probability
  cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has uncertainty
  cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has distribution
  max cardinality: 1
definition: Structure for stating an expanded measurement, model, or simulation uncertainty, e.g., to be applied to an si:Real quantity value
editorial note: changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: erweiterte Unsicherheit @de

Real
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity value
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has uncertainty declaration
  cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has numerical value
  cardinality: 1
definition: (Real value +- uncertainty) x measurement unit, i.e., a scalar value with a measurement unit and an uncertainty indication
editorial note: changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
preferred label: Reell @de

Intangible
type: Class
definition: A utility class that serves as the umbrella for a number of 'intangible' things such as quantities, structured values, etc.
editorial note: changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german label
preferred label: Ungreifbares @de

Project
type: Class
comment: An enterprise (potentially individual but typically collaborative), planned to achieve a particular aim
comment: Ein typischerweise kollektives Unterfangen zum Erreichen eines vorab geplanten Ziels @de
editorial note: changed by m4i: added German definition, added language tag to English definition, shortened definition
editorial note: changed by m4i: use of skos:prefLabel instead of rdfs:label, added German label, added language tag to English label
preferred label: Projekt @de

research project
type: Class
subclass of: Project
comment: A research project
comment: ein Forschungsprojekt @de
editorial note: changed by m4i: added German definition, added language tag to English definition
editorial note: changed by m4i: changed label to "research project" (no CamelCase)
editorial note: changed by m4i: use of skos:prefLabel instead of rdfs:label, added German label, added language tag to English label
preferred label: Forschungsprojekt @de

contact person
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Person with knowledge of how to access, troubleshoot, or otherwise field issues related to the resource
preferred label: Kontaktperson @de
scope note: May also be the "Point of Contact" in an organisation that controls access to the resource, if that organisation is different from the Publisher, Distributor, and Data Manager.

data collector
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Person/institution responsible for finding or gathering/collecting data under the guidelines of the author(s) or Principal Investigator (PI)
preferred label: Datenerfasser*in @de
scope note: May also be used when crediting survey conductors, interviewers, event or condition observers, or persons responsible for monitoring key instrument data.

data curator
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Person tasked with reviewing, enhancing, cleaning, or standardizing metadata and the associated data submitted for storage, use, and maintenance within a data centre or repository
preferred label: Datenkurator*in @de
scope note: While the DataManager is concerned with digital maintenance, the DataCurator's role encompasses quality assurance focused on content and metadata. DataCurator responsibilities include: checking completeness of the submitted dataset against the content as described by the submitter; verifying standard metadata according to the applicable system or schema; adding or verifying specialized metadata to add value and ensure access across disciplines; and determining how the metadata might map to search engines, database products, and automated feeds. Repository managers as well as data librarians working in the repository fall within this category. Example: https://doi.org/10.20375/0000-000D-1D1F-2

data manager
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Person (or organisation with a staff of data managers, such as a data centre) responsible for maintaining the finished resource
preferred label: Datenverwalter*in @de
scope note: The work done by this person or organisation ensures that the resource is periodically "refreshed" in terms of software/hardware support, is kept available or is protected from unauthorized access, is stored in accordance with industry standards, and is handled in accordance with the records management requirements applicable to it. Example: https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/41b3ed2e152e1e4c3846e646118208e7

distributor
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Institution tasked with responsibility to generate/disseminate copies of the resource in either electronic or print form
preferred label: Anbieter*in @de
scope note: Works stored in more than one archive/repository may credit each as a distributor.

editor
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: A person who oversees the details related to the publication format of the resource
preferred label: Herausgeber*in @de
scope note: Note: if the Editor is to be credited in place of multiple creators, the Editor's name may be supplied as Creator, with "(Ed.)" appended to the name.

hosting institution
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Typically, the organisation allowing the resource to be available on the internet through the provision of its hardware/software/operating support
preferred label: bereitstellende Institution @de
scope note: This role normally falls on the University, research center or organization where the data center/data repository belongs. EXAMPLE: Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) May also be used for an organisation that stores the data offline-often a data centre if that data centre is not the "publisher" of the resource.

other person
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Any person or institution making a significant contribution to the development and/or maintenance of the resource, but whose contribution is notadequately described by any of the other values for contributorType
editorial note: Label adjusted. Do we really need to define all these person roles in our ontology? (GIACOMO)
preferred label: weitere Person @de
scope note: Could be a photographer, artist, or writer whose contribution helped to publicize the resource (as opposed to creating it), a reviewer of the resource, someone providing administrative services to the author (such as depositing updates into an online repository, analysing usage, etc.), or one of many other roles.

producer
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Typically,a person or organisation responsible for the artistry and form of a media product
preferred label: Produzent*in @de
scope note: In the data industry, this may be a company "producing" DVDs that package data for future dissemination by a distributor.

project leader
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Person officially designated as head of project team or sub-project team instrumental in the work necessary to development of the resource
preferred label: Projektleiter*in @de
scope note: The Project Leader is not "removed" from the work that resulted in the resource; he or she remains intimately involved

project manager
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Person officially designated as manager of a project. Project may consist of one or many project teams and sub-teams.
preferred label: Projektmanager*in @de
scope note: The manager of a project normally has more administrative responsibility than actual work involvement.

project member
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Person on the membership list of a designated project/project team
preferred label: Projektmitglied @de
scope note: This vocabulary may or may not indicate the quality, quantity, or substance of the person's involvement.

registration agency
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Institution/organisation officially appointed by a Registration Authority to handle specific tasks within a defined area of responsibility
preferred label: Registrierungsstelle @de
scope note: DataCite is a Registration Agency for the International DOI Foundation (IDF). One of DataCite’s tasks is to assign DOI prefixes to the allocating agents who then assign the full, specific character string to data clients, provide metadata back to the DataCite registry, etc.

registration authority
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: A standards-setting body from which Registration Agencies obtain official recognition and guidance
preferred label: Registrierungsbehörde @de
scope note: The IDF serves as the Registration Authority for the International Standards Organisation (ISO) in the area/domain of Digital Object Identifiers.

related person
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: A person without a specifically defined role in the development of the resource, but who is someone the author wishes to recognize
preferred label: zugehörige Person @de
scope note: This person could be an author's intellectual mentor, a person providing intellectual leadership in the discipline or subject domain, etc.

research group
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Typically refers to a group of individuals with a lab, department, or divisionthathas a specifically defined focus of activity.
preferred label: Forschungsgruppe @de
scope note: May operate at a narrower level of scope; may or may not hold less administrative responsibility than a project team. Example: Space Research & Planetary Sciences Division of the University of Bern (WP Unibe) Source: https://doi.org/10.26302/SSHADE/EXPERIMENT_OP_20201104_001

researcher
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: A person involved in analysing data or the results of an experiment or formal study. May indicate an intern or assistant to one of the authors who helped with research but who was not so “key” as to be listed as an author.
preferred label: Rechercheur*in @de
scope note: Should be a person, not an institution. Note that a person involved in the gathering of data would fall under the contributorType "DataCollector." The researcher may find additional data online and correlate it to the data collected for the experiment or study, for example.

rights holder
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Person or institution owning or managing property rights, including intellectual property rights over the resource
preferred label: Rechteinhaber*in @de

sponsor
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Person or organisation that issued a contract or under the auspices of which a work has been written, printed, published, developed, etc.
preferred label: Sponsor*in @de
scope note: Includes organisations that provide in-kind support, through donation, provision of people or a facility or instrumentation necessary for the development of the resource, etc.

supervisor
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: Designated administrator over one or more groups/teams working to produce a resource, or over one or more steps of a development process
preferred label: Betreuer*in @de

work package leader
type: NamedIndividual
type: Role
definition: A Work Package is a recognized data product, not all of which is included in publication. The package, instead, may include notes, discarded documents, etc. The Work Package Leader is responsible for ensuring the comprehensive contents, versioning, and availability of the Work Package during the development of the resource.
preferred label: Arbeitspaketleiter*in @de